4 Types of medications that can be used for anxiety that you maybe did not know about

Anxiety can be a debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide, making it difficult to perform daily tasks and enjoy life. While traditional medications like benzodiazepines have been widely used for anxiety treatment, there are other alternative options available that you may not be familiar with. In this blog post, we will explore four types of lesser-known medications that can effectively treat anxiety in individuals with ADHD, Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), or those who simply prefer non-traditional approaches to medication. Read on to discover the surprising treatments for anxiety!

What is anxiety?

Anxiety is a natural response to stress that everyone experiences from time to time. It can be described as feelings of fear, worry, or unease about future events that are beyond our control. However, when these feelings become excessive and interfere with daily life, it may indicate an anxiety disorder.

Symptoms of anxiety can manifest physically and mentally. Physical symptoms include increased heart rate, sweating, trembling or shaking while mental symptoms include racing thoughts or difficulty concentrating.

Various factors such as genetics, brain chemistry imbalances, traumatic life events and medical conditions can contribute to the development of anxiety disorders. While medication can help manage the symptoms associated with anxiety disorders in some instances; other therapies like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), relaxation techniques and lifestyle changes may also be effective treatments for those struggling with anxiety.

What may cause anxiety?

Anxiety is a complex condition that can be caused by a variety of factors. It may stem from genetic predisposition, environmental stressors, and chemical imbalances in the brain.

Stressful life events such as trauma or major life changes like moving to a new city or starting a new job can trigger feelings of anxiety. In some cases, medical conditions like thyroid disorders or heart disease may also contribute to anxiety symptoms.

Additionally, anxiety can be linked to certain substances such as caffeine, alcohol or drugs. These substances alter the body’s chemistry and lead to heightened levels of anxiety.

It’s important to note that different people experience anxiety for different reasons and there is no one-size-fits-all cause for this condition. Understanding what triggers your own feelings of anxiousness will help you develop effective coping mechanisms and seek proper treatment if necessary.

What does anxiety look like in ADHD?

ADHD and anxiety are two separate conditions, but they can frequently occur together. In fact, studies suggest that up to 50% of individuals with ADHD also experience anxiety.

One way that anxiety may present itself in those with ADHD is through constant worry and fear about the future or past events. This type of anxious thinking can lead to difficulty concentrating or completing tasks due to a preoccupation with negative thoughts.

Physical symptoms may also manifest in those with both ADHD and anxiety. These include restlessness, fidgeting, and trouble sleeping. Anxiety can exacerbate hyperactivity symptoms commonly associated with ADHD.

It’s important for individuals who experience these symptoms to seek professional help from a mental health provider. Treatment options such as therapy or medication can be effective in managing both conditions simultaneously.

Recognizing the signs of anxiety in those with ADHD is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment planning.

What does anxiety look like in Sensory Processing Disorder?

Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) is a condition in which the brain has difficulty processing and responding appropriately to sensory information. People with SPD may experience anxiety when exposed to certain sensory triggers such as loud noises, bright lights, or crowded spaces.

For those with SPD, anxiety can manifest in different ways depending on their specific sensitivities. Some individuals may become overwhelmed and feel agitated by certain sounds or textures, while others may shut down and withdraw from social situations.

In addition to these physical symptoms of anxiety, people with SPD may also experience emotional distress related to their sensory difficulties. The frustration of not being able to process information like others around them can lead to feelings of isolation and low self-esteem.

It’s important for individuals with SPD who are experiencing anxiety symptoms to work closely with a healthcare professional who understands both conditions. With proper treatment and management strategies tailored specifically for their needs, many people living with SPD-related anxiety can find relief and live more fulfilling lives.

What does anxiety look like in Autism?

Anxiety is a common co-occurring condition that affects individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It can manifest in many ways and may be difficult to identify. Some people with ASD may have difficulty expressing their emotions, which can make it challenging for caregivers to recognize anxiety symptoms.

For some individuals with ASD, anxiety may present as repetitive behaviors or routines. They may become agitated or distressed when there are changes in their environment or schedule. Others may experience sensory overload, causing them to feel anxious and overwhelmed.

Social situations can also trigger anxiety in those on the spectrum. People with ASD who struggle with social communication and interaction often avoid eye contact, struggle to initiate conversations, and have difficulty understanding nonverbal cues like facial expressions.

It’s important for caregivers of people with ASD to be aware of the signs of anxiety and work closely with healthcare providers to develop an appropriate treatment plan that addresses both conditions. With proper care and support, individuals on the autism spectrum can learn effective coping mechanisms for managing their anxiety.

SNRIs – Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors

SNRIs, or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, are a type of medication that is commonly used to treat anxiety and depression. They work by increasing the levels of both serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which can help to regulate mood and reduce feelings of anxiety.

One benefit of using SNRIs for anxiety treatment is that they have fewer side effects than some other types of antidepressants.

Like all medications, SNRIs should only be taken under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional. It’s important to follow dosing instructions carefully and report any troubling symptoms or side effects to your doctor right away.

SNRIs can be an effective option for treating anxiety in some individuals. However, it’s important to consider all treatment options available before making a decision with your doctor about what medication may be best for you.

Some examples of SNRIs include: 

• Duloxetine (Cymbalta) 
• Venlafaxine (Effexor XR) 

SNRIs have several side effects. These include: 

• Headaches 
• Excess sweating 
• Drowsiness 
• Dizziness 
• Feeling sick 
• Constipation 
• Dry mouth 
• Insomnia 
• Increased blood pressure 
• Weight gain 
• Loss of appetite 
• Nausea 
• Erectile Dysfunction 
• Sexual problems 
• Upset stomach

SSRIs – Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

SSRIs, or Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, are a commonly prescribed medication for anxiety disorders. They work by blocking the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain, leading to increased levels of this neurotransmitter that can improve mood and decrease feelings of anxiety.

One benefit of SSRIs is that they have fewer side effects than some other types of antidepressants. However, like all medications, they may not be effective for everyone and can cause adverse reactions in some individuals.

It’s important to note that while SSRIs can help alleviate symptoms in those with anxiety disorders, they should only be taken under the guidance and supervision of a medical professional. Abruptly stopping use or misuse can lead to withdrawal symptoms or even worsen anxiety symptoms.

As with any medication used for mental health treatment, it’s essential to communicate openly with your healthcare provider about any concerns or changes you may experience during treatment with an SSRI. With proper monitoring and care from a qualified healthcare team, these medications can provide significant relief for those struggling with anxiety disorders.

SSRIs usually take about two to six weeks to work but are not effective for everyone. SSRIs can be used for up to 12 months; however, the dosage is gradually reduced. SSRIs are not habit-forming. Some examples of SSRIs include: 

• Citalopram (Celexa) 
• Escitalopram (Lexapro) 
• Fluoxetine (Prozac) 
• Fluvoxamine (Luvox) 
• Paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva) 
• Sertraline (Zoloft) 

SSRIs have several side effects. These include: 

• Feeling agitated 
• Loss of appetite 
• Weight loss 
• Drowsiness or fatigue 
• Feeling or being sick 
• Constipation 
• Dry mouth 
• Insomnia 
• Indigestion 
• Dizziness 
• Excessive sweating 
• Low sex drive 
• Diarrhoea 
• Blurred vision 
• Headaches 
• Erectile dysfunction 
• Difficulty achieving an orgasm. 
• Weight gain 
• Upset stomach. 
• Sexual problems 

Many of these side effects improve gradually; however, some side effects, like those related to sexual health, may persist. 

TCAs – Tricyclic Antidepressants

TCAs, or tricyclic antidepressants, are a type of medication that has been used for anxiety. They were initially developed to treat depression but have been found to be effective in treating anxiety disorders as well. TCAs work by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, which helps regulate mood and reduce feelings of anxiety.

One advantage of using TCAs is that they tend to have fewer side effects than some other types of medications, such as benzodiazepines. However, like all medications, TCAs do come with some potential risks and side effects.

It’s important to note that TCAs should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional who can monitor their use and ensure they are being used safely and effectively. As with any medication for anxiety treatment, it may take several weeks before you notice any improvement in your symptoms.

Some examples of TCAs include:

• Amitriptyline (Elavil) 
• Imipramine (Tofranil)
• Nortriptyline (Pamelor)  

TCAs have several side effects. These include: 

• Blurred vision 
• Weight gain/loss 
• Low blood pressure on standing 
• Rash 
• Hives 
• Constipation 
• Dry mouth 
• Increased heart rate 
• Difficulty urinating 
• Drowsiness 
• Increase in appetite 
• Light-headedness 
• Sexual problems 
• Erectile dysfunction 
• Excess sweating 
• Tremors 

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines are a type of medication that is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders. They work by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.

These medications can be effective in treating acute episodes of anxiety or panic attacks, but they should not be used as a long-term solution for managing chronic anxiety.

One potential drawback of benzodiazepines is that they can be habit-forming and lead to dependence if taken for an extended period. As such, it’s important to use these medications only under the guidance of a healthcare professional and in accordance with their recommended dosage.

While benzodiazepines can provide effective relief from anxiety symptoms in certain situations, there are also risks associated with their use that need to be carefully considered before starting treatment.

Some examples of benzodiazepines include: 

• Alprazolam (Xanax) 
• Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) 
• Diazepam (Valium) 
• Lorazepam (Ativan) 

Benzodiazepines have several side effects. These include: 

• Drowsiness 
• Difficulty concentrating 
• Headaches 
• Blurry vision 
• Tremors 
• Low sex drive 
• Vertigo 
• Confusion 
• Dizziness 
• Loss of memory 
• Upset stomach 
• Problems with balance, coordination, or speech 

Persons who suffer from withdrawal from benzodiazepines may also experience: 

• Anxiety 
• Restlessness 
• Sleep problems 
• Seizures 
• Depression 

The 4 Other Medications for Anxiety

Apart from the commonly prescribed medications for anxiety like SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs and Benzodiazepines; there are other types of medication that can be used to treat anxiety. Here are 4 alternative options that you may not have known about.

1. Beta Blockers: This type of medication is often used to treat high blood pressure, but it can also help with symptoms of anxiety such as rapid heartbeat, tremors and sweating. It works by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the body and reducing physical symptoms associated with anxiety.

Side effects of beta blockers:

• Cold feet and hands
• Fatigue
• Nausea, weakness, and dizziness
• Dry mouth, skin, and eyes
• Slow heartbeat
• Swelling of the hands &feet 
• Weight gain 
• Sleeping difficulties and disturbances 
• Erectile dysfunction
•  Abdominal cramps 
• Constipation 
• Diarrhoea 
• Depression, memory loss, or confusion
•  Back or joint pain 

2. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: One of the earliest types of antidepressant. They can be used for symptoms of panic disorder and social phobia. 

Side effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors:

• Constipation or diarrhoea
•  Difficulty urinating 
• Dizziness 
• Drowsiness 
• Dry mouth
•  Headaches 
• Low blood pressure 
• Nausea 
• Sexual dysfunction 
• Sleep problems 
• Sweating 
• Weight gain

3. Pregabalin: Prescribed when SSRIs and SNRIs are not suitable. Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant which is used in the treatment of epilepsy; however, it very effective in treating anxiety. 

Side effects of Pregbalin:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
•  Increased appetite and weight gain 
• Blurred vision 
• Headaches 
• Dry mouth
•  Vertigo 

Approved by the FDA in 2005 specifically for treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), pregabalin works by binding to a specific protein in your brain which helps reduce levels of certain neurotransmitters involved in pain signaling and stress responses.

4. Buspirone: This non-addictive medication is usually recommended for people with mild-to-moderate cases of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Unlike benzodiazepines which act quickly but carry a risk of addiction, buspirone takes longer to work but has lower risks associated with dependence.

Side effects for Buspirone:

• Blurry vision
•  Diarrhoea
•  Dizziness 
• Drowsiness 
• Dry mouth 
• Fatigue 
• Headaches 
• Muscle pains 
• Nausea

It’s important to remember that while these medications may provide relief from symptoms of anxiety, they should always be taken under close supervision and guidance from a licensed medical professional.

Conclusion

Anxiety can be a debilitating condition that affects many people. Fortunately, there are several medications available to help manage the symptoms of anxiety. While many people may be familiar with popular medications like SSRIs and benzodiazepines, it’s important to note that there are other options available as well.

SNRIs, TCAs, and beta-blockers have all been shown to be effective in treating anxiety for some individuals. Additionally, newer medications like Buspirone and Pregabalin can also provide relief without causing the same side effects as other types of medication.

It’s important to remember that each individual is unique and what works for one person may not work for another. Finding the right medication for your specific needs may take time and patience but it’s worth it when you find something that helps alleviate your symptoms.

If you’re struggling with anxiety, speak with your doctor about which medication might be best for you. With their guidance and support, you can start on a path towards improved mental health and overall wellbeing. Remember, seeking treatment is a sign of strength – don’t hesitate to reach out if you need help managing your anxiety symptoms!